# French translations for live-manual # Copyright (C) 2011-2015 Carlos Zuferri # This file is distributed under the same license as the live-manual package. # msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: live-manual 4.0~a4-1\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2015-02-07 18:29+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2015-01-12 17:14+0100\n" "Last-Translator: Carlos Zuferri \n" "Language-Team: none\n" "Language: fr\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/live-manual.ssm:65 en/examples.ssi:2 msgid ":B~ Examples" msgstr ":B~ Exemples" #. type: Plain text #: en/about_manual.ssi:92 en/about_manual.ssi:100 en/about_manual.ssi:108 #: en/about_manual.ssi:116 en/about_manual.ssi:124 en/about_manual.ssi:132 #: en/appendix_style-guide.ssi:124 en/appendix_style-guide.ssi:134 #: en/appendix_style-guide.ssi:144 en/appendix_style-guide.ssi:154 #: en/appendix_style-guide.ssi:164 en/appendix_style-guide.ssi:177 #: en/examples.ssi:14 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en/user_installation.ssi:128 en/user_installation.ssi:139 #: en/user_managing_a_configuration.ssi:28 #: en/user_managing_a_configuration.ssi:43 #: en/user_managing_a_configuration.ssi:61 #: en/user_managing_a_configuration.ssi:72 #: en/user_managing_a_configuration.ssi:80 en/user_overview.ssi:41 #: en/user_overview.ssi:51 en/user_overview.ssi:59 msgid "}code" msgstr "}code" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:4 msgid "1~examples Examples" msgstr "1~examples Exemples" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:6 msgid "" "This chapter covers example builds for specific use cases with live systems. " "If you are new to building your own live system images, we recommend you " "first look at the three tutorials in sequence, as each one teaches new " "techniques that will help you use and understand the remaining examples." msgstr "" "Ce chapitre présente des exemples de constructions pour des cas " "d'utilisation spécifiques avec des systèmes live. Si vous débutez dans la " "construction de vos propres images des systèmes live, nous vous recommandons " "de regarder d'abord les trois tutoriels à la suite car chacun d'entre eux " "enseigne de nouvelles techniques qui vous aideront à utiliser et à " "comprendre les exemples restants." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:8 msgid "2~using-the-examples Using the examples" msgstr "2~using-the-examples Utiliser les exemples" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:10 msgid "" "To use these examples you need a system to build them on that meets the " "requirements listed in {Requirements}#requirements and has live-build " "installed as described in {Installing live-build}#installing-live-build." msgstr "" "Pour utiliser ces exemples, vous avez besoin d'un système pour les " "construire qui doit répondre aux exigences énumérées dans {Exigences}" "#requirements et sur lequel live-build est installé comme décrit dans " "{Installation de live-build}#installing-live-build." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:12 msgid "" "Note that, for the sake of brevity, in these examples we do not specify a " "local mirror to use for the build. You can speed up downloads considerably " "if you use a local mirror. You may specify the options when you use #{lb " "config}#, as described in {Distribution mirrors used at build time}" "#distribution-mirrors-build-time, or for more convenience, set the default " "for your build system in #{/etc/live/build.conf}#. Simply create this file " "and in it, set the corresponding #{LB_MIRROR_*}# variables to your preferred " "mirror. All other mirrors used in the build will be defaulted from these " "values. For example:" msgstr "" "Notez que, pour des raisons de concision, dans ces exemples, nous " "n'indiquons pas de miroir local à utiliser pour la construction. Vous pouvez " "accélérer considérablement les téléchargements si vous utilisez un miroir " "local. Vous pouvez indiquer ces options lorsque vous utilisez #{lb config}#, " "tel que décrit dans {Miroirs de distribution utilisés pendant la " "construction}#distribution-mirrors-build-time, ou pour plus de commodité, " "fixez par défaut votre système de construction dans #{/etc/live/build.conf}" "#. Il suffit de créer ce fichier et de définir les variables #{LB_MIRROR_*}# " "correspondantes à votre miroir préféré. Tous les autres miroirs utilisés " "dans la construction seront choisis par défaut à partir de ces valeurs. Par " "exemple:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:18 #, no-wrap msgid "" " LB_MIRROR_BOOTSTRAP=\"http://mirror/debian/\"\n" " LB_MIRROR_CHROOT_SECURITY=\"http://mirror/debian-security/\"\n" " LB_MIRROR_CHROOT_BACKPORTS=\"http://mirror/debian-backports/\"\n" msgstr "" " LB_MIRROR_BOOTSTRAP=\"http://mirror/debian/\"\n" " LB_MIRROR_CHROOT_SECURITY=\"http://mirror/debian-security/\"\n" " LB_MIRROR_CHROOT_BACKPORTS=\"http://mirror/debian-updates/\"\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:22 msgid "2~tutorial-1 Tutorial 1: A default image" msgstr "2~tutorial-1 Tutoriel 1: Une image par défaut" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:24 #, no-wrap msgid "*{Use case:}* Create a simple first image, learning the basics of live-build.\n" msgstr "*{Cas d'utilisation:}* Créer une image simple d'abord, en apprenant les bases de live-build.\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:26 msgid "" "In this tutorial, we will build a default ISO hybrid live system image " "containing only base packages (no Xorg) and some live system support " "packages, as a first exercise in using live-build." msgstr "" "Dans ce tutoriel, nous construirons une image ISO hybride par défaut " "contenant uniquement des paquets de base (pas de Xorg) et quelques paquets " "de prise en charge live, en guise de premier exercice dans l'utilisation de " "live-build." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:28 msgid "You can't get much simpler than this:" msgstr "Vous ne pouvez pas faire plus simple que cela:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:32 #, no-wrap msgid " $ mkdir tutorial1 ; cd tutorial1 ; lb config\n" msgstr " $ mkdir tutorial1 ; cd tutorial1 ; lb config\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:36 msgid "" "Examine the contents of the #{config/}# directory if you wish. You will see " "stored here a skeletal configuration, ready to customize or, in this case, " "use immediately to build a default image." msgstr "" "Examinez le contenu du répertoire #{config/}# si vous le souhaitez. Vous " "verrez stockés ici une arborescence de configuration, prête à être " "personnalisée ou, dans ce cas, utilisée immédiatement pour construire une " "image par défaut." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:38 msgid "" "Now, as superuser, build the image, saving a log as you build with #{tee}#." msgstr "" "Maintenant, en tant que superutilisateur, construisez l'image en " "enregistrant un journal avec #{tee}#." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:42 en/examples.ssi:69 en/examples.ssi:267 #: en/project_bugs.ssi:64 #, no-wrap msgid " # lb build 2>&1 | tee build.log\n" msgstr " # lb build 2>&1 | tee build.log\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:46 msgid "" "Assuming all goes well, after a while, the current directory will contain " "#{live-image-i386.hybrid.iso}#. This ISO hybrid image can be booted directly " "in a virtual machine as described in {Testing an ISO image with Qemu}" "#testing-iso-with-qemu and {Testing an ISO image with VirtualBox}#testing-" "iso-with-virtualbox, or else imaged onto optical media or a USB flash device " "as described in {Burning an ISO image to a physical medium}#burning-iso-" "image and {Copying an ISO hybrid image to a USB stick}#copying-iso-hybrid-to-" "usb, respectively." msgstr "" "En supposant que tout se passe bien, après un certain temps, le répertoire " "courant contiendra #{live-image-i386.hybrid.iso}#. Cette image ISO hybride " "peut être démarrée directement dans une machine virtuelle comme décrit dans " "{Test d'une image ISO avec QEMU}#testing-iso-with-qemu et {Test d'une image " "ISO avec VirtualBox}#testing-iso-with-virtualbox, ou bien copiée sur un " "support optique ou un périphérique USB comme décrit dans {Graver une image " "ISO sur un support physique}#burning-iso-image et {Copie d'un image ISO " "hybride sur une clé USB}#copying-iso-hybrid-to-usb, respectivement." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:48 msgid "2~tutorial-2 Tutorial 2: A web browser utility" msgstr "2~tutorial-2 Tutoriel 2: Un utilitaire d'un navigateur Web" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*{Use case:}* Create a web browser utility image, learning how to apply customizations.\n" msgstr "*{Cas d'utilisation:}* Créer l'image d'un utilitaire de navigation Web, en apprenant à appliquer des personnalisations.\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:52 msgid "" "In this tutorial, we will create an image suitable for use as a web browser " "utility, serving as an introduction to customizing live system images." msgstr "" "Dans ce tutoriel, nous allons créer une image utilisable comme un utilitaire " "de navigation web, ce qui servira d'introduction à la personnalisation " "d'images live." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:59 #, no-wrap msgid "" " $ mkdir tutorial2\n" " $ cd tutorial2\n" " $ lb config\n" " $ echo \"task-lxde-desktop iceweasel\" >> config/package-lists/my.list.chroot\n" msgstr "" " $ mkdir tutorial2\n" " $ cd tutorial2\n" " $ lb config\n" " $ echo \"task-lxde-desktop iceweasel\" >> config/package-lists/my.list.chroot\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:63 msgid "" "Our choice of LXDE for this example reflects our desire to provide a minimal " "desktop environment, since the focus of the image is the single use we have " "in mind, the web browser. We could go even further and provide a default " "configuration for the web browser in #{config/includes.chroot/etc/iceweasel/" "profile/}#, or additional support packages for viewing various kinds of web " "content, but we leave this as an exercise for the reader." msgstr "" "Notre choix de LXDE pour cet exemple reflète notre volonté de fournir un " "environnement de bureau minimal, puisque le but de l'image est l'utilisation " "unique que nous avons à l'esprit, le navigateur web. On pourrait aller " "encore plus loin et offrir une configuration par défaut pour le navigateur " "web dans #{config/includes.chroot/etc/iceweasel/profile/}#, ou des paquets " "de prise en charge supplémentaires pour visualiser différents types de " "contenu web, mais nous laissons cela en exercice pour le lecteur." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:65 msgid "" "Build the image, again as superuser, keeping a log as in {Tutorial 1}" "#tutorial-1:" msgstr "" "Construisez l'image, encore une fois en tant que superutilisateur, et gardez " "un journal comme dans {Tutoriel 1}#tutorial-1:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:73 msgid "Again, verify the image is OK and test, as in {Tutorial 1}#tutorial-1." msgstr "" "Encore une fois, vérifiez que l'image est OK et faites un test, comme dans " "{Tutoriel 1}#tutorial-1:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:75 msgid "2~tutorial-3 Tutorial 3: A personalized image" msgstr "2~tutorial-3 Tutoriel 3: Une image personnalisée" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*{Use case:}* Create a project to build a personalized image, containing your favourite software to take with you on a USB stick wherever you go, and evolving in successive revisions as your needs and preferences change.\n" msgstr "*{Cas d'utilisation:}* Créer un projet pour construire une image personnalisée, contenant vos logiciels préférés à emporter avec vous sur une clé USB où que vous alliez, et évoluant dans des révisions successives selon les changements de vos besoins et de vos préférences.\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:79 msgid "" "Since we will be changing our personalized image over a number of revisions, " "and we want to track those changes, trying things experimentally and " "possibly reverting them if things don't work out, we will keep our " "configuration in the popular #{git}# version control system. We will also " "use the best practice of autoconfiguration via #{auto}# scripts as described " "in {Managing a configuration}#managing-a-configuration." msgstr "" "Puisque nous allons changer notre image personnalisée pendant un certain " "nombre de révisions, et que nous voulons suivre ces changements, essayer des " "choses expérimentalement et éventuellement les annuler si les choses ne " "fonctionnent pas, nous garderons notre configuration dans le populaire " "système de contrôle de version #{git}#. Nous allons également utiliser les " "meilleures pratiques d'autoconfiguration via #{auto}# scripts tel que décrit " "dans {Gestion d'une configuration}#managing-a-configuration." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:81 msgid "3~ First revision" msgstr "3~ Première révision" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:87 #, no-wrap msgid "" " $ mkdir -p tutorial3/auto\n" " $ cp /usr/share/doc/live-build/examples/auto/* tutorial3/auto/\n" " $ cd tutorial3\n" msgstr "" " $ mkdir -p tutorial3/auto\n" " $ cp /usr/share/doc/live-build/examples/auto/* tutorial3/auto/\n" " $ cd tutorial3\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:91 msgid "Edit #{auto/config}# to read as follows:" msgstr "Éditez #{auto/config}# comme suit: " #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:95 #, no-wrap msgid " #!/bin/sh\n" msgstr " #!/bin/sh\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:100 #, no-wrap msgid "" " lb config noauto \\\n" " --architectures i386 \\\n" " --linux-flavours 686-pae \\\n" " \"${@}\"\n" msgstr "" " lb config noauto \\\n" " --architectures i386 \\\n" " --linux-flavours 686-pae \\\n" " \"${@}\"\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:104 msgid "" "Perform #{lb config}# to generate the config tree, using the #{auto/config}# " "script you just created:" msgstr "" "Exécutez #{lb config}# pour générer l'arbre de configuration, en utilisant " "le script #{auto/config}# qu'on a créé:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:108 en/user_basics.ssi:60 #, no-wrap msgid " $ lb config\n" msgstr " $ lb config\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:112 msgid "Now populate your local package list:" msgstr "Remplissez maintenant votre liste de paquets locaux:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:116 #, no-wrap msgid " $ echo \"task-lxde-desktop iceweasel xchat\" >> config/package-lists/my.list.chroot\n" msgstr " $ echo \"task-lxde-desktop iceweasel xchat\" >> config/package-lists/my.list.chroot\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:120 msgid "" "First, #{--architectures i386}# ensures that on our #{amd64}# build system, " "we build a 32-bit version suitable for use on most machines. Second, we use " "#{--linux-flavours 686-pae}# because we don't anticipate using this image on " "much older systems. Third, we have chosen the /{lxde}/ task metapackage to " "give us a minimal desktop. And finally, we have added two initial favourite " "packages: /{iceweasel}/ and /{xchat}/." msgstr "" "Tout d'abord, #{--architectures i386}# assure que sur notre système de " "construction #{amd64}#, nous construisons une version de 32 bits qui peut " "être utilisée sur la plupart des machines. Deuxièmement, nous utilisons #{--" "linux-flavours 686-pae}# parce que nous ne prévoyons pas d'utiliser cette " "image sur des systèmes très anciens. Troisièmement, nous avons choisi le " "métapaque de la tâche /{lxde}/ pour nous donner un bureau minimal. Et enfin, " "nous avons ajouté deux premiers paquets préférés: /{iceweasel}/ et /{xchat}/." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:122 msgid "Now, build the image:" msgstr "Maintenant, construisez l'image:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:126 en/examples.ssi:237 en/user_basics.ssi:70 #: en/user_basics.ssi:228 en/user_basics.ssi:272 #, no-wrap msgid " # lb build\n" msgstr " # lb build\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:130 msgid "" "Note that unlike in the first two tutorials, we no longer have to type " "#{2>&1 | tee build.log}# as that is now included in #{auto/build}#." msgstr "" "Notez que contrairement aux deux premiers tutoriels, nous n'avons plus " "besoin de taper #{2>&1 | tee build.log}# parce que cela est maintenant " "inclus dans #{auto/build}#." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:132 msgid "" "Once you've tested the image (as in {Tutorial 1}#tutorial-1) and are " "satisfied it works, it's time to initialize our #{git}# repository, adding " "only the auto scripts we just created, and then make the first commit:" msgstr "" "Une fois que vous avez testé l'image (comme dans {Tutoriel 1}#tutorial-1) et " "vous êtes satisfait de son fonctionnement, il est temps d'initialiser notre " "dépôt #{git}#, en n'ajoutant que les scripts auto que nous avons juste " "créés, puis de faire le premier commit: " #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:139 #, no-wrap msgid "" " $ git init\n" " $ cp /usr/share/doc/live-build/examples/gitignore .gitignore\n" " $ git add .\n" " $ git commit -m \"Initial import.\"\n" msgstr "" " $ git init\n" " $ cp /usr/share/doc/live-build/examples/gitignore .gitignore\n" " $ git add .\n" " $ git commit -m \"Initial import.\"\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:143 msgid "3~ Second revision" msgstr "3~ Deuxième révision" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:145 msgid "" "In this revision, we're going to clean up from the first build, add the /" "{vlc}/ package to our configuration, rebuild, test and commit." msgstr "" "Dans cette révision, nous allons nettoyer à partir de la première " "construction, ajouter le paquet /{vlc}/ à notre configuration, reconstruire, " "tester et faire le commit." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:147 msgid "" "The #{lb clean}# command will clean up all generated files from the previous " "build except for the cache, which saves having to re-download packages. This " "ensures that the subsequent #{lb build}# will re-run all stages to " "regenerate the files from our new configuration." msgstr "" "La commande #{lb clean}# va nettoyer tous les fichiers générés par la " "construction précédente à l'exception du cache, ce qui évite d'avoir à " "retélécharger les paquets. Cela garantit que la commande #{lb build}# " "suivante exécutera à nouveau toutes les étapes pour régénérer les fichiers " "de notre nouvelle configuration." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:151 en/user_basics.ssi:252 #, no-wrap msgid " # lb clean\n" msgstr " # lb clean\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:155 msgid "" "Now append the /{vlc}/ package to our local package list in #{config/package-" "lists/my.list.chroot}#:" msgstr "" "Ajoutez maintenant le paquet /{vlc}/ à votre liste de paquets locaux dans " "#{config/package-lists/my.list.chroot}#:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:159 #, no-wrap msgid " $ echo vlc >> config/package-lists/my.list.chroot\n" msgstr " $ echo vlc >> config/package-lists/my.list.chroot\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:163 msgid "Build again:" msgstr "Construisez à nouveau:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:167 msgid "# lb build" msgstr "# lb build" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:171 msgid "Test, and when you're satisfied, commit the next revision:" msgstr "" "Testez et, quand vous êtes satisfait, faites le commit de la prochaine " "révision:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:175 #, no-wrap msgid " $ git commit -a -m \"Adding vlc media player.\"\n" msgstr " $ git commit -a -m \"Ajout du lecteur de média vlc.\"\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:179 msgid "" "Of course, more complicated changes to the configuration are possible, " "perhaps adding files in subdirectories of #{config/}#. When you commit new " "revisions, just take care not to hand edit or commit the top-level files in " "#{config}# containing #{LB_*}# variables, as these are build products, too, " "and are always cleaned up by #{lb clean}# and re-created with #{lb config}# " "via their respective #{auto}# scripts." msgstr "" "Bien sûr, des changements plus compliqués de la configuration sont " "possibles, comme l'ajout de fichiers dans les sous-répertoires de #{config/}" "#. Quand vous livrez de nouvelles révisions, prenez soin de ne pas modifier " "à la main ou d'envoyer dans le dépôt les fichiers de niveau supérieur dans " "#{config}# contenant les variables #{LB_*}#, car ce sont aussi des produits " "de lacreation et ils sont toujours nettoyés par #{lb clean}# et recréés avec " "#{lb config}# via leurs scripts #{auto}# respectifs." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:181 msgid "" "We've come to the end of our tutorial series. While many more kinds of " "customization are possible, even just using the few features explored in " "these simple examples, an almost infinite variety of different images can be " "created. The remaining examples in this section cover several other use " "cases drawn from the collected experiences of users of live systems." msgstr "" "Nous sommes arrivés à la fin de notre série de tutoriels. Alors que de " "nombreux types de personnalisations sont possibles, même en n'utilisant que " "les fonctionnalités explorées dans ces exemples simples, une variété presque " "infinie d'images différentes peut être crée. Les autres exemples de cette " "section couvrent plusieurs autres cas d'utilisation tirés des expériences " "recueillies chez les utilisateurs des systèmes live." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:183 msgid "2~ A VNC Kiosk Client" msgstr "2~ Un client kioske VNC " #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:185 #, no-wrap msgid "*{Use case:}* Create an image with live-build to boot directly to a VNC server.\n" msgstr "*{Cas d'utilisation:}* Créer une image avec live-build pour démarrer directement sur un serveur VNC.\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:187 msgid "" "Make a build directory and create an skeletal configuration inside it, " "disabling recommends to make a minimal system. And then create two initial " "package lists: the first one generated with a script provided by live-build " "named #{Packages}# (see {Generated package lists}#generated-package-lists), " "and the second one including /{xorg}/, /{gdm3}/, /{metacity}/ and /" "{xvnc4viewer}/." msgstr "" "Créez un répertoire de construction et créez une configuration à " "l'intérieur, désactivez «recommends» pour faire un système minimal. Puis " "créez deux listes initiales de paquets: la première générée par un script " "fourni par live-build nommée #{Packages}# (voir {Générer listes de paquets}" "#generated-package-lists), et la seconde incluant /{xorg}/, /{gdm3}/, /" "{metacity}/ et /{xvnc4viewer}/." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:195 #, no-wrap msgid "" " $ mkdir vnc-kiosk-client\n" " $ cd vnc-kiosk-client\n" " $ lb config -a i386 -k 686-pae --apt-recommends false\n" " $ echo '! Packages Priority standard' > config/package-lists/standard.list.chroot\n" " $ echo \"xorg gdm3 metacity xvnc4viewer\" > config/package-lists/my.list.chroot\n" msgstr "" " $ mkdir vnc-kiosk-client\n" " $ cd vnc-kiosk-client\n" " $ lb config -a i386 -k 686-pae --apt-recommends false\n" " $ echo '! Packages Priority standard' > config/package-lists/standard.list.chroot\n" " $ echo \"xorg gdm3 metacity xvnc4viewer\" > config/package-lists/my.list.chroot\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:199 msgid "" "As explained in {Tweaking APT to save space}#tweaking-apt-to-save-space you " "may need to re-add some recommended packages to make your image work " "properly." msgstr "" "Comme il est expliqué dans {Régler APT pour économiser de l'espace}#tweaking-" "apt-to-save-space, il se peut que vous deviez ajouter quelques paquets " "recommandés pour faire fonctionner votre image correctement." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:201 msgid "An easy way to list recommends is using /{apt-cache}/. For example:" msgstr "" "Une façon facile d'énumérer les paquets recommendés est d'utiliser /{apt-" "cache}/. Par exemple:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:205 #, no-wrap msgid " $ apt-cache depends live-config live-boot\n" msgstr " $ apt-cache depends live-config live-boot\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:209 msgid "" "In this example we found out that we had to re-include several packages " "recommended by live-config and live-boot: #{user-setup}# to make autologin " "work and #{sudo}# as an essential program to shutdown the system. Besides, " "it could be handy to add #{live-tools}# to be able to copy the image to RAM " "and #{eject}# to eventually eject the live medium. So:" msgstr "" "Dans cet exemple, nous avons découvert que nous devions ré-inclure plusieurs " "paquets recommandés par live-config et live-boot: #{user-setup}# pour " "l'autologin et #{sudo}# un logiciel essentiel pour arrêter le système. En " "outre, il pourrait être utile d'ajouter #{live-tools}# pour copier l'image " "dans la RAM et #{eject}# pour éjecter le support live. Alors:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:213 #, no-wrap msgid " $ echo \"live-tools user-setup sudo eject\" > config/package-lists/recommends.list.chroot\n" msgstr " $ echo \"live-tools user-setup sudo eject\" > config/package-lists/recommends.list.chroot\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:217 msgid "" "After that, create the directory #{/etc/skel}# in #{config/includes.chroot}# " "and put a custom #{.xsession}# in it for the default user that will launch /" "{metacity}/ and start /{xvncviewer}/, connecting to port #{5901}# on a " "server at #{192.168.1.2}#:" msgstr "" "Après cela, créez le répertoire #{/etc/skel}# dans #{config/includes.chroot}" "# avec un fichier #{.xsession}# personnalisé pour l'utilisateur par défaut " "qui va lancer /{metacity}/ et /{xvncviewer}/, en reliant le port #{5901}# " "sur un serveur à #{192.168.1.2}#:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:223 #, no-wrap msgid "" " $ mkdir -p config/includes.chroot/etc/skel\n" " $ cat > config/includes.chroot/etc/skel/.xsession << EOF\n" " #!/bin/sh\n" msgstr "" " $ mkdir -p config/includes.chroot/etc/skel\n" " $ cat > config/includes.chroot/etc/skel/.xsession << EOF\n" " #!/bin/sh\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:226 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /usr/bin/metacity &\n" " /usr/bin/xvncviewer 192.168.1.2:1\n" msgstr "" " /usr/bin/metacity &\n" " /usr/bin/xvncviewer 192.168.1.2:1\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:229 #, no-wrap msgid "" " exit\n" " EOF\n" msgstr "" " exit\n" " EOF\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:233 msgid "Build the image:" msgstr "Construire l'image:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:241 msgid "Enjoy." msgstr "Amusez-vous bien!" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:243 msgid "2~ A base image for a 128MB USB key" msgstr "2~ Une image de base pour une clé USB de 128 Mo" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:245 #, no-wrap msgid "*{Use case:}* Create a default image with some components removed in order to fit on a 128MB USB key with a little space left over to use as you see fit.\n" msgstr "*{Cas d'utilisation:}* Créer une image par défaut avec certains composants supprimés afin de l'adapter sur une clé USB de 128 Mo avec un peu d'espace laissé pour l'utiliser à votre convenance.\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:247 msgid "" "When optimizing an image to fit a certain media size, you need to understand " "the tradeoffs you are making between size and functionality. In this " "example, we trim only so much as to make room for additional material within " "a 128MB media size, but without doing anything to destroy the integrity of " "the packages contained within, such as the purging of locale data via the /" "{localepurge}/ package, or other such \"intrusive\" optimizations. Of " "particular note, we use #{--debootstrap-options}# to create a minimal system " "from scratch." msgstr "" "Pour l'optimisation d'une image adaptée à la dimension de certains supports, " "vous avez besoin de comprendre le compromis que vous faites entre la taille " "et la fonctionnalité. Dans cet exemple, nous ne réduisons la taille que pour " "faire place aux éléments supplémentaires dans la limite de 128 Mo, mais en " "évitant de détruire l'intégrité des paquets contenus, telle que la purge des " "données de localisation via le paquet /{localepurge}/, ou d'autres " "optimisations \"intrusives\". On notera en particulier que nous utilisons " "#{--debootstrap-options}# pour créer un système minimal à partir de zéro." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:251 #, no-wrap msgid " $ lb config --apt-indices false --apt-recommends false --debootstrap-options \"--variant=minbase\" --firmware-chroot false --memtest none\n" msgstr " $ lb config --apt-indices false --apt-recommends false --debootstrap-options \"--variant=minbase\" --firmware-chroot false --memtest none\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:255 msgid "" "To make the image work properly, we must re-add, at least, two recommended " "packages which are left out by the #{--apt-recommends false}# option. See " "{Tweaking APT to save space}#tweaking-apt-to-save-space" msgstr "" "Pour faire que l'image fonctionne correctement, nous devons ajouter à " "nouveau au moins deux paquets recommandés qui sont laissés de côté par " "l'option #{--apt-recommends false}#. Voir {Régler APT pour économiser de " "l'espace}#tweaking-apt-to-save-space" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:259 #, no-wrap msgid " $ echo \"user-setup sudo\" > config/package-lists/recommends.list.chroot\n" msgstr " $ echo \"user-setup sudo\" > config/package-lists/recommends.list.chroot\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:263 msgid "Now, build the image in the usual way:" msgstr "Maintenant, construisez l'image de la manière habituelle:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:271 msgid "" "On the author's system at the time of writing this, the above configuration " "produced a 110MB image. This compares favourably with the 192MB image " "produced by the default configuration in {Tutorial 1}#tutorial-1." msgstr "" "Sur le système de l'auteur au moment de l'écriture, la configuration ci-" "dessus produisait une image de 110 Mo. Cela se compare favorablement avec " "l'image de 192 Mo produite par la configuration par défaut dans {Tutoriel 1}" "#tutorial-1." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:273 msgid "" "Leaving off APT's indices with #{--apt-indices false}# saves a fair amount " "of space, the tradeoff being that you need to do an #{apt-get update}# " "before using /{apt}/ in the live system. Dropping recommended packages with " "#{--apt-recommends false}# saves some additional space, at the expense of " "omitting some packages you might otherwise expect to be there. #{--" "debootstrap-options \"--variant=minbase\"}# bootstraps a minimal system from " "the start. Not automatically including firmware packages with #{--firmware-" "chroot false}# saves some space too. And finally, #{--memtest none}# " "prevents the installation of a memory tester." msgstr "" "Laisser tomber les index d'APT avec #{--apt-indices false}# permet aussi " "d'économiser une bonne quantité d'espace, le compromis étant que vous devez " "faire #{apt-get update}# avant d'utiliser apt dans le système live. " "Abandonner les paquets recommandés avec #{--apt-recommends false}# économise " "de l'espace supplémentaire, au détriment de certains paquets dont vous vous " "attendriez autrement qu'ils soient là. #{--debootstrap-options \"--" "variant=minbase\"}# construit un système minimal dès le début. L'utilisation " "de #{--firmware-chroot false}# n'inclut pas automatiquement les paquets de " "micrologiciels. Finalement, #{--memtest none}# prévient l'installation d'un " "testeur de mémoire." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:275 #, no-wrap msgid "*{Note:}* A minimal system can also be achieved using hooks, like for example the #{stripped.hook.chroot}# hook found in #{/usr/share/doc/live-build/examples/hooks}#. It may shave off additional small amounts of space and produce an image of 91MB. However, it does so by removal of documentation and other files from packages installed on the system. This violates the integrity of those packages and that, as the comment header warns, may have unforeseen consequences. That is why using a minimal /{debootstrap}/ is the recommended way of achieving this goal.\n" msgstr "*{Remarque:}* Un système minimal peut également être obtenu en utilisant des hooks comme par exemple le #{stripped.hook.chroot}# dans #{/usr/share/doc/live-build/examples/hooks}#, il peut gagner de petites quantités supplémentaires d'espace et produire une image de 91 Mo. Cependant, il le fait par l'élimination de la documentation et d'autres fichiers des paquets installés sur le système. Cela porte atteinte à l'intégrité de ces paquets et, comme averti par le commentaire d'en-tête, cela peut avoir des conséquences imprévues. C'est pourquoi l'utilisation de /{debootstrap}/ est la méthode recommandée pour atteindre cet objectif.\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:277 msgid "2~ A localized GNOME desktop and installer" msgstr "2~ Un bureau GNOME localisé avec un installateur " #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:279 #, no-wrap msgid "*{Use case:}* Create a GNOME desktop image, localized for Switzerland and including an installer.\n" msgstr "*{Cas d'utilisation:}* Créer une image de bureau GNOME, localisée pour la Suisse et incluant un installateur.\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:281 msgid "" "We want to make an iso-hybrid image for i386 architecture using our " "preferred desktop, in this case GNOME, containing all of the same packages " "that would be installed by the standard Debian installer for GNOME." msgstr "" "Nous voulons faire une image iso-hybrid pour l'architecture i386 en " "utilisant notre bureau préféré, dans ce cas, GNOME, contenant tous les " "paquets qui seraient installés par l'installateur Debian standard pour GNOME." #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:283 msgid "" "Our initial problem is the discovery of the names of the appropriate " "language tasks. Currently, live-build cannot help with this. While we might " "get lucky and find this by trial-and-error, there is a tool, #{grep-dctrl}#, " "which can be used to dig it out of the task descriptions in tasksel-data, so " "to prepare, make sure you have both of those things:" msgstr "" "Notre premier problème est la découverte des noms des tâches appropriées. " "Actuellement, live-build ne peut pas aider à faire cela. Alors que nous " "pourrions être chanceux et trouver ces noms par essais et erreurs, il existe " "un outil, #{grep-dctrl}#, qui peut être utilisé pour découvrir les " "descriptions des tâches dans tasksel-data. Pour la préparation, assurez-vous " "d'avoir ces deux outils:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:287 #, no-wrap msgid " # apt-get install dctrl-tools tasksel-data\n" msgstr " # apt-get install dctrl-tools tasksel-data\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:291 msgid "Now we can search for the appropriate tasks, first with:" msgstr "" "Maintenant, nous pouvons rechercher les tâches appropriées, d'abord avec:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:296 #, no-wrap msgid "" " $ grep-dctrl -FTest-lang de /usr/share/tasksel/descs/debian-tasks.desc -sTask\n" " Task: german\n" msgstr "" " $ grep-dctrl -FTest-lang de /usr/share/tasksel/descs/debian-tasks.desc -sTask\n" " Task: german\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:300 msgid "" "By this command, we discover the task is called, plainly enough, german. Now " "to find the related tasks:" msgstr "" "Par cette commande, nous découvrons que la tâche est appelée, assez " "clairement, german. Maintenant, pour trouver les tâches liées:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:306 #, no-wrap msgid "" " $ grep-dctrl -FEnhances german /usr/share/tasksel/descs/debian-tasks.desc -sTask\n" " Task: german-desktop\n" " Task: german-kde-desktop\n" msgstr "" " $ grep-dctrl -FEnhances german /usr/share/tasksel/descs/debian-tasks.desc -sTask\n" " Task: german-desktop\n" " Task: german-kde-desktop\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:310 msgid "" "At boot time we will generate the *{de_CH.UTF-8}* locale and select the *{ch}" "* keyboard layout. Now let's put the pieces together. Recalling from {Using " "metapackages}#using-metapackages that task metapackages are prefixed #{task-}" "#, we just specify these language boot parameters, then add standard " "priority packages and all our discovered task metapackages to our package " "list as follows:" msgstr "" "Pendant le démarrage, nous allons générer la locale *{de_CH.UTF-8}* et " "sélectionner la disposition de clavier *{ch}*. Maintenant, nous allons " "mettre les morceaux ensemble. En nous rappelant grâce à {Utilisation des " "métapaquets}#using-metapackages que les métapaquets sont préfixés #{task-}#, " "nous précisons ces paramètres de la langue pendant l'amorçage, puis nous " "ajoutons les paquets de priorité standard et tous nos métapaquets découverts " "à notre liste de paquets comme suit:" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:322 #, no-wrap msgid "" " $ mkdir live-gnome-ch\n" " $ cd live-gnome-ch\n" " $ lb config \\\n" " -a i386 \\\n" " --bootappend-live \"boot=live components locales=de_CH.UTF-8 keyboard-layouts=ch\" \\\n" " --debian-installer live\n" " $ echo '! Packages Priority standard' > config/package-lists/standard.list.chroot\n" " $ echo task-gnome-desktop task-german task-german-desktop >> config/package-lists/desktop.list.chroot\n" " $ echo debian-installer-launcher >> config/package-lists/installer.list.chroot\n" msgstr "" " $ mkdir live-gnome-ch\n" " $ cd live-gnome-ch\n" " $ lb config \\\n" " -a i386 \\\n" " --bootappend-live \"boot=live components locales=de_CH.UTF-8 keyboard-layouts=ch\" \\\n" " --debian-installer live\n" " $ echo '! Packages Priority standard' > config/package-lists/standard.list.chroot\n" " $ echo task-gnome-desktop task-german task-german-desktop >> config/package-lists/desktop.list.chroot\n" " $ echo debian-installer-launcher >> config/package-lists/installer.list.chroot\n" #. type: Plain text #: en/examples.ssi:325 msgid "" "Note that we have included the /{debian-installer-launcher}/ package to " "launch the installer from the live desktop. The #{586}# kernel flavour, " "which is currently necessary for the launcher to work properly, will be " "included by default." msgstr "" "Notez que nous avons inclus le paquet /{debian-installer-launcher}/ pour " "lancer l'installateur à partir du bureau live. Le noyau #{586}#, qui est " "actuellement nécessaire pour faire que le lanceur fonctionne correctement, " "est inclus par défaut."